Usually we receive much more information about everything that concerns the world of the baby than the child in the middle ages. In fact, when we talk about childhood we usually refer to the period from birth to 12 years, although some authors place it even later. The author specifically addresses skin care and dermatological problems associated with children from the age of approximately 3 years.

From 3 years of age, the baby enters a stage with special characteristics, both in certain more frequent skin-related diseases and, to a lesser degree, in the cosmetic care that may be required and that differentiates it from early childhood.

Physiology

It is important to note that the thickness of the epidermis and the lipid composition in children and babies do not vary significantly compared to those of adults. In contrast, the epidermis of the premature baby skin cell  is markedly thinner, with a still underdeveloped stratum corneum. For this reason, the care of the skin of premature babies is extremely important and it is evident that, given these characteristics, the greater risk of penetration of medications and products applied topically to premature babies must be taken into account.

As far as babies and children are concerned, they already have an epidermis that fulfills one of its primary functions, that of a skin barrier. In any case, there are differences in the development of both the epidermis and the dermis, since it is not complete at birth. We can say that the skin begins a process of maturation and postnatal adaptation and, gradually, it looks more and more like adult skin.

We must take special care when applying topical agents to the skin of children, since the relationship between body surface and weight is greater than in adults, with the consequent increase in the risk of percutaneous absorption.

On the other hand, sebum synthesis begins to increase at 6 years in girls and at 7 in boys, surely stimulated by androgens in the adrenal glands.

Another physiological characteristic in childhood is that the elastic fibers of children from 3 years of age are already similar to those of adults.

Atopic dermatitis of childhood

Childhood or juvenile atopic dermatitis is also known as late atopic dermatitis. We know that atopic dermatitis is the most frequent dermatosis in childhood pathologies, but it will not be treated in this article, since it appears especially in the first year of life and skin cell usually cures around 3-5 years. But we will consider childhood atopic dermatitis, because it is a pathology that ranges from 3 to 11 years old.

The main characteristic is the appearance of prurigo papules, with or without lichenification, in the flexion zones, whether in the folds of the nape, the forehead, the neck in its anterior and lateral part, the armpits or the inguinals. All this accompanied by the unpleasant itching that, in the case of children, can be a trigger for problems at school. The corner of the lips and the eyelid area where sometimes double folds are observed are also affected.
Herpes virus

This group of viruses is responsible for herpes simplex, chicken pox, and herpes zoster.

Children usually suffer from cutaneous mucosal herpes simplex caused by HVS-1, presenting with itching, vesicles and erythema, especially on the face. In young children, the manifestation of the infection is frequent, such as gingivostomatitis with fever and even vomiting.

If the area affected by herpes simplex is or around the lips, then it is called a cold sore.

It should be borne in mind that if hygienic care is not adequate, children will end up triggering an impetiginization of their facial herpes.

It is advisable to give people affected by herpes simplex a series of hygienic and palliative recommendations, from the use of acid pH body detergents, the correct drying after daily cleaning or the use of local acyclovir antiseptics.

 

https://skincell-pro.info/​

https://skincellpro11.weebly.com/​

http://www.musicrush.com/skinmole7/forum/32182/how-to-choose-a-moisturizer-for-your-skin