Costs & Benefits of Highway Mitigation for Wildlife
Benefits of reducing wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs)
There are many benefits provided by mitigation measures aimed at reducing WVCs, such as fewer motorist accidents that may cause human injuries, deaths, and property damage.

Benefits to wildlife include protecting individual wildlife from death or injury, keeping populations intact, and allowing individuals free movement to access important habitats and resources, thus enhancing long-term survival and population viability.

A review of thirteen different mitigation measures used by transportation agencies - such as warning signs, vegetation removal, fencing, wildlife crossing structures - to reduce WVCs (Huijser et al. 2009) indicated estimated effectiveness can vary from as low as a 26% reduction in WVCs (seasonal wildlife warning signs) to a 100% reduction in WVCs (elevated roadway).

Each mitigation measure has a different cost to implement and maintain and thus the selection of the appropriate mitigation measure should take into account the different safety and conservation goals as well as its effectiveness in reducing WVCs.

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