Repeal the 16th Amendment and restore power to the people.

The Issue

The 16th Amendment has empowered Congress to impose a federal income tax, a move that fundamentally altered the original vision of limited government laid out in the Constitution. Until its ratification in 1913, an income tax was considered unconstitutional. The framers of the Constitution designed a system where direct taxation was restricted to ensure a balance of power and to prevent the federal government from wielding undue influence over citizens and states. 

The Supreme Court underscored this limitation in 1895, ruling that federal income tax was unconstitutional in Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. due to its violation of the apportionment requirement. This decision reflected a longstanding belief that federal revenue should come primarily from indirect taxes, leaving direct taxation under state jurisdiction to preserve individual liberty and local accountability. However, with the passage of the 16th Amendment, Congress gained unprecedented power over individuals' income, expanding tax liabilities across all economic levels over time. 

This petition seeks the repeal of the 16th Amendment as a step toward restoring a tax system that respects the rights of citizens and adheres to the original intent of the Constitution. By eliminating federal income tax and reimagining revenue collection at the state level, we can establish a fairer, simpler, and more transparent tax structure that aligns with the vision of limited government enshrined by our nation's founders.

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The Issue

The 16th Amendment has empowered Congress to impose a federal income tax, a move that fundamentally altered the original vision of limited government laid out in the Constitution. Until its ratification in 1913, an income tax was considered unconstitutional. The framers of the Constitution designed a system where direct taxation was restricted to ensure a balance of power and to prevent the federal government from wielding undue influence over citizens and states. 

The Supreme Court underscored this limitation in 1895, ruling that federal income tax was unconstitutional in Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. due to its violation of the apportionment requirement. This decision reflected a longstanding belief that federal revenue should come primarily from indirect taxes, leaving direct taxation under state jurisdiction to preserve individual liberty and local accountability. However, with the passage of the 16th Amendment, Congress gained unprecedented power over individuals' income, expanding tax liabilities across all economic levels over time. 

This petition seeks the repeal of the 16th Amendment as a step toward restoring a tax system that respects the rights of citizens and adheres to the original intent of the Constitution. By eliminating federal income tax and reimagining revenue collection at the state level, we can establish a fairer, simpler, and more transparent tax structure that aligns with the vision of limited government enshrined by our nation's founders.

The Decision Makers

Joseph R. Biden
Former President of the United States

Petition Updates