Why do head measurements matter?

Routine head circumference measurements during infancy are a basic but crucial way to keep an eye on the health of your baby's brain. A rapidly growing, unusually large, or slow growing head can be the first sign of a potential problem that may need further exploration by a specialist.

Current guidelines recommend 2 routine head measurements are taken during the first year of a baby's life in Britain. Sadly, we know these measurements are not always taken, or recorded, sometimes leading to catastrophic consequences for children affected by serious brain conditions, like hydrocephalus.

What is hydrocephalus?

Every year, around 1 in 770 babies born in the UK will develop hydrocephalus, previously referred to as 'water on the brain'. 

It is a potentially life-threatening condition where excess fluid builds up inside the brain, causing pressure, which can lead to brain damage. If left untreated, hydrocephalus can be fatal - but treatments are available. Early diagnosis and referral are important to ensure the best possible outcome for every child. 

One of the most common ways to identify hydrocephalus during the first year of life is to measure and monitor a baby's head circumference. These measurements are most useful when taken over time, and plotted on the correct chart for age and sex in a baby's 'Red Book'.

We are asking the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care to commission a review of the current guidance for routine head circumference measurement during infancy, across Britain.

Why now?

Our research shows that Britain falls far behind many other high-income countries when it comes to routine head circumference monitoring during infancy.

For example, a baby born in England will receive 2 routine head circumference measurements in the first 12 months of life – around the time of birth, and at the 6-8 week check. Routine monitoring stops at 8 weeks of age.

Whereas in Finland, or Norway, a baby will receive 10 and 11 measurements during the first year of life, respectively.  

The American Academy of Paediatrics currently recommends 8 measurements through to 12 months.

Across Britain today we risk babies' 'slipping through the net', with serious brain conditions, such as hydrocephalus, going undiagnosed simply because their head wasn't measured.  

Please help us to make a change.