Who is affected?
Since 2019, thousands of people in Hong Kong—students, journalists, peaceful protesters, and everyday citizens—have been arrested for speaking out or standing up for democracy. People have been jailed just for holding signs, organizing rallies, or sharing opinions online. Shockingly, many of the judges and prosecutors involved in these trials hold British citizenship or British National (Overseas) passports—while helping to crush the very freedoms the UK claims to support.

This repression has not been confined to Hong Kong. It has expanded overseas through acts of transnational repression. Hong Kong authorities have issued arrest warrants and monetary bounties against exiled Hong Kong activists living around the world for their peaceful expression abroad. At the same time, innocent family members remaining in Hong Kong have been detained, interrogated, and in some cases criminally prosecuted by national security police.

In May 2024, the United Kingdom government criminally charged three individuals for allegedly receiving funds from the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office to surveil and track Hong Kong dissidents residing in the UK, confirming that elements of this repression have taken place on British soil.

自2019年起，已有成千上萬名香港人——包括學生、記者、和平示威者、普通市民——僅因表達意見、舉牌、組織集會或在網上發言就被捕入獄。令人震驚的是，參與這些審訊與判刑的部分法官和檢控官竟然持有英國護照或英國國民（海外）BN(O) 身分——他們一邊享受自由社會的權利，一邊幫助打壓別人爭取自由。鎮壓更升級到海外，多名流亡世界各地的香港人因為在不同國家的和平表達被香港政府懸紅通緝，無辜的家屬亦被國安警察帶走甚至作出刑事檢控。英國政府於2024年5月，刑事起訴3人涉嫌收受香港經貿辦資金跟蹤異見人士。

 

 

 

 

(Source: AP News)

What’s at stake?
This is not just a local injustice. It is a betrayal of international values. Judges who benefit from UK citizenship and the protections of a free society are using their power to silence others who want the same rights. If this hypocrisy continues, more innocent people will be punished, and authoritarian regimes everywhere will be encouraged to use foreign legal figures to legitimize repression. This erodes trust in the rule of law worldwide.

這不只是香港的問題，更是對全球民主與法律價值的背叛。這些擁有英國國籍的法官，本應捍衛法治與人權，卻選擇成為獨裁打壓的工具。如果這種虛偽與不公持續下去，不但更多無辜者將被迫害，更會鼓勵世界各地的極權政權用類似方式打壓異見，令整個國際社會對「法治」二字失去信任。

 

 

 

 

(Source: The Economists, Number of Political Prisoners in Hong Kong from Jun 9th 2019 to Mar 11th 2022)

 

Why act now?
The International Criminal Court (ICC) can act. It has the power to investigate crimes committed by nationals of countries like the UK. Some of the crimes against humanity alleged here were carried out by Hong Kong officials through actions that violated the sovereignty and laws of other States Parties. These judges are not above international law. If we delay, the repression will deepen and spread. By demanding accountability today, we stand up not only for the people of Hong Kong—but for justice everywhere.

Beyond the ICC, international justice does not stop at The Hague. Under the principle of universal jurisdiction, national courts may prosecute genocide, crimes against humanity, and torture regardless of where the crimes were committed or the nationality of the perpetrators or victims. We have already seen this principle invoked in different parts of the world to hold powerful officials accountable.

If we delay, repression will deepen and spread. Accountability is not vengeance; it is prevention. By demanding justice today, we stand not only for the people of Hong Kong—but for the integrity of international law and the protection of humanity everywhere.

國際刑事法院（ICC）有權調查屬於締約國國民（如英國）的嚴重罪行，部分反人類罪行更是香港官員採取侵犯他國主權的方式在締約國犯下。這些持有英國國籍的法官與官員，不應成為法律之外的特權者。如果我們現在不行動，迫害只會加劇。今天我們站出來，不只是為了香港，也是為了全球正義與良知。

更重要的是，國際刑事責任並不限於海牙。根據「普遍管轄權」原則，一些國家法院都可以對種族滅絕、反人類罪、酷刑等國際核心罪行提起刑事訴訟，不論犯罪地點或被告國籍。這意味著，當本地司法失效，國際法仍然存在出口。

如果我們現在不行動，迫害只會擴大與制度化。追究責任不是報復，而是阻止下一場悲劇。今天站出來，不只是為了香港，更是為了捍衛國際法的底線，以及全人類的尊嚴與良知。

Five Hong Kong teenagers sentenced in first security case involving minors

Rise of the Patriots: Hong Kong - BBC World Service Documentaries

Over the past few years, a group of Hong Kong judges and prosecutors—many of whom hold British citizenship or BN(O) status—have played a central role in dismantling the city’s freedoms. They enforced politically driven laws, including the National Security Law and colonial-era sedition statutes, to imprison peaceful protesters, journalists, artists, students, and pro-democracy politicians. These officials denied bail to dissenters without trial, convicted for attending peaceful rallies, criminalized slogans and children’s books, and redefined basic speech as “subversion” or “incitement.” Instead of safeguarding justice, they used their legal authority to silence opposition and help legitimize a system of fear. Their actions are not only violations of human rights—they are crimes committed by individuals who should be held accountable under international law.
過去幾年來，一群香港的法官與檢控官——其中許多人擁有英國國籍或英國國民（海外）身分——在摧毀香港自由的過程中扮演了核心角色。他們執行具政治動機的法律，包括《港區國安法》與殖民時代的煽動罪條文，將和平示威者、記者、學生、藝術創作者與民主派人士送入監牢。這些官員不經審訊便剝奪被告保釋權，將參加和平集會視為犯罪，把標語、童書甚至社交媒體貼文定性為「煽動」或「顛覆」。他們本應守護法治，卻利用法律職權打壓異見，讓恐懼成為制度。他們的行為不僅違反人權，更可能構成國際刑事罪行，應接受追究與審判。

 

The acts include but are not limited to:

Imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty in violation of fundamental rules of international law (Article 7(1)(e), Rome Statute)
Since 2019, Hong Kong authorities have arbitrarily arrested and detained thousands of peaceful protesters, dissidents, journalists, and human rights defenders. Many were denied fundamental due process guarantees, including fair trial rights.

These acts form part of a broader campaign to suppress political dissent and constitute severe deprivation of physical liberty under Article 7(1)(e).

 

Persecution on political grounds (Article 7(1)(h), Rome Statute)
Authorities have systematically targeted pro-democracy activists and individuals perceived as politically disloyal.

Through the Hong Kong National Security Law and related measures, individuals have been subjected to selective prosecution, unfair trials, and deprivation of fundamental rights.

These acts constitute persecution on political grounds under Article 7(1)(h).

 

Torture (Article 7(1)(f), Rome Statute)
Detainees have been subjected to severe physical and mental suffering, including prolonged solitary confinement, coercive political “re-education,” and psychological pressure.

When intentionally inflicted by state authorities, such conduct constitutes torture under Article 7(1)(f).

 

Sexual violence (Article 7(1)(g), Rome Statute)
Reports indicate that detainees have been subjected to sexual violence, including sexual humiliation, threats of rape, and other forms of abuse during detention.

Such acts constitute sexual violence under Article 7(1)(g).

 

Other inhumane acts of a similar character intentionally causing great suffering, or serious injury to body or to mental or physical health (Article 7(1)(k), Rome Statute)
Political detainees have faced denial of medical care, degrading treatment, and harsh detention conditions, causing serious physical and psychological harm.

These acts constitute “other inhumane acts” under Article 7(1)(k).

 

涉嫌的罪行包括但不限於：

非法監禁或其他嚴重剝奪人身自由之行為（《羅馬規約》第7條第1款(e)項）
自2019年以來，香港當局任意逮捕並拘留了數以千計的和平示威者、異議人士、記者及人權捍衛者。許多人被剝奪了基本的正當法律程序保障，包括公平審判權。這些行為構成壓制政治異議的更廣泛行動的一部分，並構成《羅馬規約》第7條第1款(e)項所指的嚴重剝奪人身自由之行為。

 

基於政治理由的迫害（《羅馬規約》第7條第1款(h)項）
當局系統性地針對支持民主的活動人士以及被視為政治上不忠的人士。透過《香港國家安全法》及相關措施，個人遭受選擇性起訴、不公平審判及基本權利的剝奪。這些行為構成《羅馬規約》第7條第1款(h)項所指的基於政治理由的迫害。

 

酷刑（《羅馬規約》第7條第1款(f)項）
被拘留者遭受嚴重的身心痛苦，包括長期單獨囚禁、強制性的政治「再教育」以及心理壓力。當此類行為由國家當局故意施加時，即構成《羅馬規約》第7條第1款(f)項所指的酷刑。

 

性暴力（《羅馬規約》第7條第1款(g)項）
報告顯示，被拘留者在羈押期間遭受性暴力，包括性羞辱、強姦威脅及其他形式的虐待。此類行為構成《羅馬規約》第7條第1款(g)項所指的性暴力。

 

其他具有相似性質、故意造成重大痛苦或對身體或身心健康造成嚴重傷害的不人道行為（《羅馬規約》第7條第1款(k)項）
政治被拘留者面臨醫療照護被拒、侮辱性待遇及惡劣的羈押條件，導致嚴重的身體與心理傷害。這些行為構成《羅馬規約》第7條第1款(k)項所指的「其他不人道行為」。

 

The following individuals are among those suspected of direct participation or command responsibility for the alleged crimes:

涉嫌危害人類罪行的主要涉案人士：

(香港行政長官; Chief Executives of Hong Kong) John Lee Ka-chiu (李家超)
(保安局局長; Secretary for Security) Chris Tang Ping-keung (鄧炳強)
(前香港駐倫敦代表; Former Representative of the Hong Kong Government in London) Gilford Law Sun-on (羅莘桉)
(法官; Judge) Roberto Alexandre Vieira REBEIRO (李義)
(法官; Judge) Joseph Paul FOK (霍兆剛)
(法官; Judge) Frank STOCK (司徒敬)
(法官; Judge) Patrick CHAN Siu-oi (陳兆愷)
(法官; Judge) Amanda Jane WOODCOCK (胡雅文)
(法官; Judge) KWOK Wai-kin (郭偉健)
(法官; Judge) CHAN Kwong Chi, Stanley (陳廣池)
(法官; Judge) CHAN Hing Wai, Andrew (陳慶偉) 
(法官; Judge) LEE Wan Tang, Alex (李運騰)
(法官; Judge) CHAN Jong Herng, Johnny (陳仲衡)
(法官; Judge) LAW Tak Chuen, Peter (羅德泉)
(法官; Judge) SO Wai-tak, Victor (蘇惠德)
(法官; Judge) Susana Maria D'Almada Remedios (李素蘭)

 

Detailed Information 詳細資料