Abortion in the Philippines is a complex and contentious issue, primarily because it is illegal under most circumstances. The country has a predominantly Catholic population, and its laws reflect the Church's strong stance against abortion. The only exceptions where abortion may be indirectly permissible are when the life of the pregnant woman is at risk, but even then, the medical procedures must primarily aim to save the woman's life, not to terminate the pregnancy.

The legal prohibition does not stop abortions from happening, however. Many women resort to unsafe methods due to the lack of legal options, leading to serious health complications and, in some cases, death. This situation highlights significant issues regarding women's health and rights in the country.

Efforts to change the law have faced strong opposition from religious and conservative groups. Meanwhile, reproductive health advocates continue to push for more comprehensive education and access to family planning as steps towards reducing the number of unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions. In 2012, the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act was passed, aiming to improve access to reproductive health services, although implementation has faced challenges. This law marked a significant, though contentious, step towards addressing some of the broader issues surrounding sexual health and rights in the Philippines.