Laboratory tests have been used to assess the regulatory and research questions related to the effects of pulp mill effluents on aquatic species.

Longer term, life-cycle fish bioassays have shown that chronic exposure to pulp mill effluents commonly results in growth enhancement, liver enlargement, and decreases in gonad size, secondary sex characteristics, and fecundity. These long-term laboratory exposures are able to mimic the most commonly observed alterations of wild fish exposed to pulp mill effluents

#NOPIPE

Source:
A DECADE OF RESEARCH ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF PULP
AND PAPER MILL EFFLUENTS IN CANADA: DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION
OF FISH BIOASSAYS

Joanne L. Parrott, Mark E. McMaster, L. Mark Hewitt
Aquatic Ecosystem Protection Research Branch, National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada