Reconsider Early Start Times for our Adolescents

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The Issue

Spokane families are concerned about Spokane Public Schools’ proposed 7:30 a.m. start time for middle school students.

Our middle schoolers are only 11–14 years old. They are becoming more independent, but they still need significant sleep, structure, and parental support. Research consistently shows that adolescents need more sleep and that early school start times can negatively affect their health, learning, and overall well-being.

But our concerns go beyond sleep.

A 7:30 a.m. start time means some students will be walking or biking to school in the dark during Spokane winters. It also means an earlier dismissal, leaving many middle schoolers home alone for hours while their parents are still at work.

Elementary students have access to the district’s EXPRESS program, but middle school students do not have the same option. For working families, that difference matters.

We recognize that scheduling an entire school district is complicated and that there may not be a perfect solution. But when considering changes to school schedules, the district should prioritize the biological, developmental, and safety needs of our students.

One of our own Spokane physicians and SPS parent, Dr. Kiran Gill DO, MBA, shared this perspective:

“Unfortunately, our society is structured around adult circadian rhythms that do not align with adolescent biology. Approximately 70–90% of growth hormone secretion occurs during sleep, making adequate nighttime sleep essential during adolescence. Puberty shifts the adolescent circadian clock later, with melatonin onset occurring about two hours later than in childhood. As a result, many teenagers are biologically unable to fall asleep before 11 PM or wake comfortably before 8 AM.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends 8–10 hours of sleep for adolescents and supports school start times of 8:30 AM or later, specifically for middle and high school students. I understand transportation has financial constraints, but should logistical considerations outweigh teenagers’ biological needs? We already face a generation struggling with anxiety and depression—how will chronic sleep deprivation affect their emotional and mental well-being?”

Our request is simple:

  • Do not require any adolescent student to start school at 7:30 a.m.
  • Prioritize the age, safety, health, and developmental needs of our students when weighing transportation logistics and financial costs.

Please choose a school schedule that works for our children—not one that asks them to adapt to a schedule designed primarily around logistics and cost.

Sign and share this petition to help us ask the Spokane School Board to reconsider the proposed 7:30 a.m. start time for adolescents.

The Decision Makers

Spokane Public Schools District 81
Spokane Public Schools District 81
Spokane Public Schools
Responded
“We’re grateful for the feedback shared by our community on school start and dismissal times over the past several weeks. We asked for thoughts from our families, students, and staff with the intent of informing our process (https://www.spokaneschools.org/page/school-start-time-work-group), and to assist with developing different options for ongoing discussion and review. When a formal recommendation is proposed to the Spokane Public Schools Board of Directors, it will include a range of options for consideration that include different tiered models and start time configurations. Our current work is centered on developing those options, which is a complex process. In an effort to fully inform, here’s a detailed explainer. First, bell schedules require a range of considerations, including: • Instructional time • Student health and well-being • Student safety • Childcare • Family schedules • Transportation • Operational and financial efficiencies • Athletics and activities • Employee contracts and schedules • Bus driver availability Improving one of those areas may create challenges in another, which is why there is no single schedule that addresses all considerations equally. Why are we exploring a new model? Beginning in the 2027-28 school year, Spokane Public Schools will operate its own transportation system (https://www.spokaneschools.org/article/2957579). As we prepare for that transition, we need to build a system that is reliable and sustainable in the long term, both in terms of staffing levels and financially. Like school districts across the state, SPS is facing significant financial pressure. The cost of fuel, utilities, insurance, food, supplies and other basic operations has risen substantially, while available revenue has not kept pace (https://www.spokaneschools.org/article/2835911). Our district has eliminated a significant number of positions each year through the last three years through attrition, retirements and other measures to offset inflationary cost increases. This makes it increasingly important to find efficiencies in areas like transportation rather than directing funds away from classrooms, programs and student supports. Every dollar we spend on transportation is a dollar we can’t spend somewhere else. Transportation also presents a workforce challenge. Simply put, there are not enough qualified bus drivers available and applying for hire. A schedule that requires many more buses to operate also requires substantially more drivers and support staff. Even if the district could absorb additional costs, a model we cannot reliably staff isn’t sustainable. Why so much focus on a three-tier system? The most workable approach is a three-tier transportation system. Instead of every school beginning around the same time, buses and drivers serve one group of schools, then move on to the second, then third. This allows the same buses and drivers to serve more students throughout the morning and afternoon. Fewer buses equal lower fuel costs and fewer drivers. This model would also allow for more consistent and predictable schedules for drivers, ensuring that they are engaged in meaningful work without inefficient lulls in scheduling. Our current system uses a three-tier model with 30 minutes between drop times, which creates challenges in efficiencies as well as on-time services. For a three-tiered system to be the most efficient and reliable, buses need at least 40 minutes between dropping students off at one school tier and beginning pickups for the next tier. That period is necessary for buses to travel from one area to another and begin the next set of routes. Please keep in mind that the 40-minute timeframe refers to the transportation window between drop-off and the next pickup, not the period between school start times. Maintaining that separation allows SPS to operate with a certain number of buses and drivers we can reasonably staff, while building enough flexibility into routes to provide dependable service. It also creates more capacity to improve transportation service over time and gives the SPS School Board flexibility to consider revisiting transportation eligibility. Some other school districts operate on a two-tiered model for school start times. This will be an option available for School Board consideration. However, it is important to note that a two-tiered system would cost an additional $5 million to implement in Spokane Public Schools. Two tiers would require more buses and longer ride times, which equals more costs and more driver positions that we may not be able to reliably staff. That $5 million would need to be taken from other programs and services. When a formal recommendation is made to the School Board, it will include a minimum of three options: • 3-Tiered System, 30-minute Model • 3-Tiered System, 40-minute Model • 2-Tiered System, 60-minute Model How are the tiered start times determined? We set out to explore…”
Spokane District 81 School Board
5 Members
Nicole Bishop
Spokane District 81 School Board - Position 3
Hilary Kozel
Spokane District 81 School Board - Position 4
Nikki Lockwood
Spokane District 81 School Board - Position 1

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