In August, 2014, the National Park Service’s Fire Island National Seashore a draft Deer Management Plan that strongly advocated lethal solutions to what the agency asserts is a problem of over population.  Deer are to be killed by hunters and professional sharp shooters.   “Friendly” deer in the Fire Island Communities are a particular target.  In the past, the number of Fire Island deer was drastically reduced – nearly 70% from 1993 to 2010 -- using the very successful PZP Immunocontraception vaccine.  Now Fire Island Seashore rejects any fertility control agent that doesn’t meet its strict standards. However, the same PZP vaccine is currently successfully contracepting many species of animals at almost 200 sites, most astonishingly, on the small horses that inhabit the Assateague National Seashore, another National Park in Virginia and Maryland.