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Mars, famously known as the "Red Planet", is the fourth planet from the Sun in our solar system. It is named after the Roman god of war due to its reddish appearance, which is due to iron oxide or rust on its surface. Mars, half the diameter of Earth, has significant similarities such as polar ice caps, a tilted axis causing seasons, and day/night cycles that are near identical in length. Despite having a harsh, cold desert environment with an extremely thin atmosphere, Mars has been a point of interest in the search for extra-terrestrial life and future potential of human colonization.