In 2008, the U.S. EPA determined that various rodenticides posed an "unreasonable risk" to children, pets, and wildlife. The EPA gave the companies three years to switch to safer products, but three companies--Reckitt-Benckiser, Spectrum, and Liphatech--have refused to do so and have tied up the EPA's cancellation process in lawsuits. The products include D-Con, Hot Shot, Rid-a-Rat, and General rodent control products sold as pellets, all rodenticide products containing brodifacoum, bromadiolone, difethialone, and difenacoum, all rodenticide products not packaged with bait stations. These products contain "second generation" anticoagulant compounds that can poison pets and children and cause hawks, owls, and other wildlife to bleed to death.